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Coffee Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa

You've probably heard that different types produce distinct flavors. Read on to learn about four of the most expensive coffee beans popular varieties: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica and Excelsa.

Excelsa beans are a kind of Liberica which is grown exclusively in Southeast Asia. They have a more fruity, tarter flavor profile and are frequently used in blends of coffee for added depth.

Arabica

Arabica coffee beans bulk beans are responsible for 75% of global production. Arabica beans have a sweeter and less sour flavor than Robusta and are available with a variety of flavor profiles. The aroma and taste of a cup of coffee can differ widely depending on the growing conditions and processing techniques used to make it.

The word "coffee" originates from the Arabic word that means berry. Coffee beans are actually seeds that grow within bright red berries. It is believed that the ancient Ethiopian shepherds found that their goats were invigorated by eating the fruit berries. The cultivation of coffee spread quickly across the globe.

Coffee beans can be grown at high altitudes, and are in a position to thrive when exposed to cold temperatures and lots of rain. This is one of the main reasons why Arabica is regarded as the best tasting coffee.

Many specialty coffee beans coffee shops and roasters insist on finding their arabica beans in a sustainable manner by focusing on fair compensation for farmers and sustainable growing practices. These companies typically blend arabica beans to create unique coffees that are well-suited for a wide range of methods of brewing. Blending can be used to control the flavour, aroma and body of the coffee and is typically preferred to create a balanced and consistent taste that appeals to a larger market.

Robusta

Robusta beans are the second-most popular type of coffee bean in the world. They have a higher amount of caffeine per bean than Arabica, and are more resistant to disease and pests. They also have higher levels of chlorogenic acids that are antioxidants that occur naturally. However, these acids may cause oxidation during the process of brewing coffee and can cause undesirable flavors.

The plant is more durable than the arabica and can thrive in less favorable conditions. It is able to withstand higher temperatures and thrives in direct sun. It is faster growing and produces more coffee per plant than arabica, making it a more cost-effective crop to cultivate.

Although it might sound odd it's true that arabica and Robusta beans are often blended to create coffee blends. If you've seen the names of countries like Uganda or Kenya listed on a coffee bag it's likely there's some Robusta in there as well.

While some roasters use exclusively arabica beans, most do combine both varieties to lower cost and maintain the quality. To ensure the quality of the flavor, it's important to select a high-quality bean from a source that you are confident in. The best way to do this is to purchase your beans directly from the farmer.

Liberica

Liberica beans have a shape that is similar to a football, that makes them different from other types of coffee beans. They are characterized by a smell that is floral, fruity and smoky. They are added to other types of coffee beans to provide them with a more rich and more robust taste.

Liberica coffee beans can be found in West Africa, Malaysia (Borneo), and Southeast Asia. They can thrive in low altitudes and tolerate hot, humid climates. They also have a better resistance to diseases than Arabica and Robusta.

These qualities make them perfect for growing at home. online coffee beans, you can purchase the seeds from many sources. However, it is ideal to purchase the beans from local producers to ensure high-quality. The ideal conditions for growing Liberica coffee plants include fertile deep volcanic soils, with moderately acidic pH as well as adequate annual rainfall.

Another kind of coffee bean is Excelsa which was previously thought to be a separate species, but was re-classified as a variation of Liberica. These coffee beans are oval-shaped and grow on large coffee plants that can reach 20-30 feet in height at medium roast coffee beans altitudes. Their unique flavor is tart and sour, making them a popular choice for blends that are house-made. They are also lighter on scent and caffeine than Arabica and Robusta, but still have a distinctive taste.

Excelsa

Excelsa coffee beans aren't as well-known as Arabica and Robusta, yet they're the fourth most popular. They were actually regarded as a different coffee plant species up until 2006, at which point they were reclassified to be a synonym for Coffea Liberica var. dewevrei. They are produced in Southeast Asia today and account for 7% of the world's production of coffee. The beans have a distinctive teardrop shape, and a dark, mysterious flavor. They're often used in blends to give extra body and a full, tart, ripened fruit taste.

Arabica beans are the most popular and are renowned for their a sweeter taste. They thrive in tropical, warm climates and high altitudes. They also have a touch of acidity. When roasted and brewed properly they may be flavored with notes of nuts, chocolate or even fruit.

Robusta is a close second only to Arabica and accounts for around 40 percent of the world's beans. Robusta beans are smaller and rounder however they have twice as much caffeine as Arabica. They also have more bitterness than the other two varieties and tend to have woody and earthy overtones.

After learning about the four most popular types and their characteristics, it's time to choose your favorite brew. If you prefer an elegant and delicate taste, choose an arabica bean or a blend comprised of robusta beans and arabica beans.